Oddly Wired
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heuristics

You value items more simply because they are scarce.

A 1975 study demonstrated that cookies presented in a scarce supply (two cookies) were rated significantly higher in quality than those in an abundant supply (ten cookies).

The experiment compared groups with two versus ten cookies rather than testing a single 'last one' available.

You want it more specifically because it might go away.

Where this comes from

Study
Worchel, Lee, and Adewole, 1975
What the check found
The study confirmed the scarcity heuristic by comparing jars of two versus ten cookies, but framing it as the 'last one' is a colloquial distortion of the specific supply-demand conditions tested.
Confidence
Solid, with limits

Related

One of these every day, and every one names the study it came from. When a finding is contested, it says so.